2015年9月15日星期二

Common types of plastics, advantages and disadvantages, the main defect (b)

PS material (polystyrene) (General Purpose Polystyrene GPPS, commonly known as: PS; high impact polystyrene HIPS, commonly known as: super glue is not broken) for the production of insulating transparent pieces, decorative pieces, and chemical equipment, optical instruments, etc. ʱ??

Forming characteristics: 1. amorphous material, moisture absorption is small, without fully dry, difficult to break down, but the thermal expansion coefficient, easy to produce internal stress, good mobility, can bolt or plunger-type injection molding machine.
2. to use high melt temperature, high mold temperature, low injection pressure, injection time extend help to reduce stress. Prevent shrinkage and deformation. Chemical and physical properties: Most commercial use of PS are transparent, non-crystalline material. PS has very good geometric stability, thermal stability, the optical transmission characteristic, electrical insulating properties and a very slight hygroscopic tendency. It is resistant to water, dilute mineral acids, but can be strong oxidizing acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid corrosion and can be expanded and deformed in some organic solvent. Typical shrinkage between 0.4 to 0.7%.

POM (POM, commonly known as: steel) heat-crystalline plastic, melting point of 165 to 175 degrees, the nature of the nearest metal.

Advantages: 1 has high mechanical strength and rigidity.
2. The highest fatigue strength.
3. High environmental resistance, resistance to organic solvents.
4. Resistance to repeated impact resistance.
5. wide temperature range (-40 to 120 degrees).
6. good electrical properties.
7. good recovery.
8. The self-lubricating properties, good wear resistance.
9. excellent dimensional stability.

Disadvantages: 1. process if prolonged high temperatures can lead to thermal decomposition.
2. No self-extinguishing.
3. antacid poor.
4. forming a large shrinkage.

Chemical and physical properties: POM is a tough elastic material, even at low temperatures are still very good creep properties, geometric stability and impact resistance. POM homopolymer materials have both copolymer material. Homopolymer material has a very good extension strength, fatigue strength, but not easy to process. Copolymers have good thermal stability, chemical stability and ease of processing. Both homopolymer material or copolymer materials are crystalline materials and are not easily absorb moisture. The high crystallinity of POM cause it has a fairly high shrinkage, can be high up to 2% to 3.5%. For a variety of enhanced materials have different shrinkage.

 PVC (polyvinyl chloride) Chemical and physical properties: Rigid PVC is one of the most widely used plastic materials. PVC material is a non-crystalline materials. PVC material in actual use, often by adding stabilizers, lubricants, auxiliary processing agent, pigment, impact agents and other additives. PVC material is not easily flammable, high strength, resistance to climate variability and excellent geometric stability. PVC of oxidants, reducing agents and strong acids have a very strong resistance. However, it can be concentrated oxidizing acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid corrosion and does not apply to contact with aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons occasions. PVC melt temperature during processing is a very important process parameters, if this parameter incorrectly will cause the material to decompose problems. PVC is rather poor flow characteristics, the process is very narrow range. Especially high molecular weight PVC material more difficult to process (this material is usually added to lubricants to improve the flow characteristics), so commonly used are low molecular weight PVC material. PVC contraction rate is very low, typically 0.2 to 0.6%.

PE (polyethylene)
A. is the largest output, the most should be the plastic in the world, with its output accounting for 30% of world plastics production.
B. The structure of long chain-like structure or a branched structure, a crystalline polymer type song.
C. odorless and tasteless flammable white powder, the appearance of floating white.
D. excellent electrical insulation properties, high frequency cable insulation should be made.
E. having high chemical stability.
F. good low temperature properties, good air permeability, can make agricultural films, bags.


PP (polypropylene, commonly known as the pleated plastic) is the most common plastic produce a heat-resistant, high yield strength, high bending labor life. Shrinkage greater resistance to impact strength with temperature changes. Insufficient rigidity. Flammable Chemical properties of stability, good dielectric properties, better engage in chemical erosion resistance, the ability to soak 80 degrees below the inorganic acid, lye, salts, and many organic solvents, water absorption is also minimal. At the melting point has good mobility, good molding properties Chemical and physical properties:. PP is a semi-crystalline materials. To be more rigid than PE and has a higher melting point. Since the type of PP homopolymer temperature is higher than the above 0 very brittle, so many commercial PP material is added 1-4% ethylene random copolymer or a higher ratio of clamp-stage ethylene content copolymer. PP copolymer-based material has a lower heat distortion temperature (100 ), low transparency, low gloss, low rigidity, but have a stronger impact strength. PP ethylene content increases strength increases. PP Vicat softening temperature of 150 . Due to the high degree of crystallinity, the surface rigidity and scratch resistance properties of this material is very good. PP environmental stress cracking problem does not exist. Generally, the use of glass fiber, metal additives or thermoplastic rubber modified PP. MFR PP turnover ranges from 1 to 40. Low MFR PP material better impact properties but extend lower strength. MFR for the same material, copolymer-based homopolymer type intensity ratio is higher. Since the crystal, PP contraction rate is very high, typically 1.8 to 2.5%. And shrinkage direction uniformity than PE-HD material is much better. 30% of glass additive can shrink rate fell to 0.7%. Homopolymer and copolymer PP material has excellent resistance to moisture absorption, resistance to acid corrosion, anti-solubility. However, it aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene) solvents, chlorinated hydrocarbons (carbon tetrachloride) solvents is not resistance. PP did not like PE still has oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures.


PPE ethylene polypropylene chemical and physical properties: In general, PPE or PPO, commercially available materials generally mixed with other thermoplastic materials such as PS, PA and so on. These hybrid materials are generally still call it PPE or PPO. PPE or PPO hybrid has better processing characteristics than the pure material. Change characteristics depending on the mixture as a ratio of PPO and PS. Mixed with PA 66 of the mixed material has a stronger chemical stability at high temperatures. Moisture absorption of this material is very small, its products have excellent geometric stability. PS material mixed with non-crystalline, and mixed with the PA of the material is crystalline. Glass fiber additives can make the shrinkage rate decreased to 0.2%. This material also has excellent electrical insulating properties and low coefficient of thermal expansion. The viscosity depends on the mixture ratio of the material, PPO rate increase will result in increased viscosity.

more information www.injectionmoldchina.com 

没有评论:

发表评论